@import url('https://fonts.googleapis.com/css2?family=Geist:wght@100..900&display=swap');

/* Palette Selection - Use only one palette */
@import url('/static/clarity/css/evergreen.css');
/* @import url('/static/clean/css/evergreen.css'); */
/* @import url('/static/clean/css/ocean.css'); */
/* @import url('/static/clean/css/cardinal.css'); */

/* ========================================================================
   Base Styles
   ======================================================================== */
html,
body {
  height: 100%;
}

body {
  background-color: var(--bg-body);
  font-family: var(--main-font);
  font-weight: 400;
  color: var(--body-text);
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
}

a {
  overflow-wrap: break-word;
  text-decoration: var(--link-decoration);
  transition: var(--link-transition);
}

a:hover,
a:focus {
  text-decoration: var(--link-decoration-hover);
  color: var(--link-hover-color);
}

/* ========================================================================
   Typography
   ======================================================================== */
h1, h2, h3, h4, h5, h6 {
  font-family: var(--main-font);
  color: var(--text-header);
}

h1 { font-size: 2rem; }
h2 { font-size: 1.5rem; }
h3 { font-size: 1.25rem; }
h4 { font-size: 1.125rem; }
h5 { font-size: 1rem; }
h6 { font-size: 0.875rem; }

.display-4 {
  font-size: 2.5rem;
}

.editor-name {
  font-size: 1.25rem;
}

.byline {
  font-size: 1rem;
  font-family: var(--main-font);
  margin-bottom: 0.5rem;
  font-weight: 400;
  line-height: 1.2;
}

.text-muted {
  color: var(--text-muted) !important;
}

/* ========================================================================
   Layout Components
   ======================================================================== */
main.container {
  padding-left: 0;
  padding-right: 0;
}

.site-header .container,
.navbar .container {
  padding-inline: 0;
}

.site-header {
  background-color: var(--header-bg);
  line-height: 1;
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--border-light);
  padding: var(--spacing-md);
  color: var(--text-on-dark);
}

main {
  margin-top: var(--spacing-lg);
  padding-left: var(--spacing-lg);
  padding-right: var(--spacing-lg);
}

main a {
  color: var(--text-link);
}

#footer {
  margin-top: auto;
}

/* ========================================================================
   Navigation
   ======================================================================== */
.navbar {
  padding: 0;
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--border-gray-200);
}

.navbar-custom .navbar-nav .nav-link,
.navbar-custom .nav-link.dropdown-toggle,
.navbar-dark.navbar-custom .navbar-nav .nav-link,
.navbar-dark.navbar-custom .nav-link.dropdown-toggle {
  color: var(--nav-text);
  text-decoration: var(--nav-link-decoration);
}

.navbar-custom .navbar-nav .nav-link:hover,
.navbar-custom .navbar-nav .nav-link:focus,
.navbar-custom .nav-link.dropdown-toggle:hover,
.navbar-custom .nav-link.dropdown-toggle:focus,
.navbar-dark.navbar-custom .navbar-nav .nav-link:hover,
.navbar-dark.navbar-custom .navbar-nav .nav-link:focus,
.navbar-dark.navbar-custom .nav-link.dropdown-toggle:hover,
.navbar-dark.navbar-custom .nav-link.dropdown-toggle:focus {
  text-decoration: var(--nav-link-decoration-hover);
  color: var(--nav-text-active);
}

.navbar-custom .nav-item.active .nav-link,
.navbar-custom .nav-item:hover .nav-link,
.navbar-custom .nav-item:focus-visible .nav-link,
.navbar-dark.navbar-custom .nav-item.active .nav-link,
.navbar-dark.navbar-custom .nav-item:hover .nav-link,
.navbar-dark.navbar-custom .nav-item:focus-visible .nav-link {
  color: var(--nav-text-active);
}

.dropdown-toggle::after {
  display: inline-block;
  margin-left: .255em;
  vertical-align: .255em;
  content: "";
  border: none;
  width: 0.4em;
  height: 0.4em;
  border-right: 2px solid currentColor;
  border-bottom: 2px solid currentColor;
  transform: rotate(45deg);
  margin-top: -0.1em;
}

/* Dropdown menu container */
.dropdown-menu {
  padding: var(--focus-ring-size);
  background-color: var(--bg-content);
  border: 1px solid var(--border-light);
}

/* Dropdown item styles - standardized with nav-link behavior */
.dropdown-item {
  color: var(--nav-text);
  text-decoration: var(--dropdown-item-decoration);
  transition: var(--link-transition);
}

.dropdown-item:hover,
.dropdown-item:focus {
  color: var(--nav-text-active);
  text-decoration: var(--dropdown-item-decoration-hover);
  background-color: var(--bg-card-alt);
}

.dropdown-divider {
  border-top-color: var(--border-light);
}

/* ========================================================================
   Cards
   ======================================================================== */
.card {
  margin-bottom: var(--spacing-md) !important;
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  box-shadow: 0 4px 20px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1);
  border-radius: 8px;
  border: 1px solid rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.06);
  transition: box-shadow 0.3s ease;
  background-color: var(--bg-content);
}

.card:hover {
  box-shadow: 0 8px 30px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.15);
}

.card-link {
  text-decoration: none;
}

.card-link:hover {
  text-decoration: var(--link-decoration-hover);
}

.card img {
  max-height: var(--card-image-height);
  object-fit: cover;
}

.card-img-top {
  height: 200px;
  object-fit: cover;
  width: 100%;
}

.card-body {
  flex-grow: 1;
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  justify-content: space-between;
}

.card-footer {
  background: none;
}

.card.no-image {
  min-height: 200px;
  background-color: var(--bg-card-alt);
}

.card.no-image .card-img-overlay {
  position: relative;
  background-color: var(--bg-card-alt);
  padding: 1.25rem;
}

.card.no-image .card-img-overlay.white-text {
  color: var(--text-primary);
}

.card.no-image .card-img-overlay.white-text a {
  color: var(--text-link);
}

.card.no-image .card-img-overlay.white-text a:hover,
.card.no-image .card-img-overlay.white-text a:focus {
  color: var(--brand-primary);
}

.card-img-right {
  height: 100%;
  border-radius: 0 var(--border-radius) var(--border-radius) 0;
}

.card-block {
  padding: var(--spacing-lg);
}

.card-deck {
  padding-left: var(--spacing-md);
  padding-right: var(--spacing-md);
}

.card-title {
  font-size: 1.5rem;
}

.full-width-card {
  min-width: 100%;
}

/* ========================================================================
   Buttons
   ======================================================================== */
.btn-primary,
.btn-primary:active,
.btn-primary:visited {
  background-color: var(--btn-primary-bg);
  border-color: var(--btn-primary-border);
  color: var(--btn-primary-text);
}

.btn-primary:hover,
.btn-primary:focus {
  color: var(--btn-primary-text);
  background-color: var(--btn-primary-bg);
  border-color: var(--btn-primary-border);
}

.btn-background,
.btn-background:active,
.btn-background:visited {
  background-color: inherit;
  color: inherit;
  border: 1px solid var(--brand-primary);
  padding: 0 10px;
  min-width: 7rem;
  min-height: 2rem;
  white-space: nowrap;
  vertical-align: middle;
  line-height: 1;
}

.btn-background:not(:first-child) {
  margin-left: 0.5rem;
}

.btn-background:hover {
  color: var(--text-on-dark);
  background-color: var(--brand-primary);
  border-color: var(--brand-primary);
  transition: var(--transition-standard);
}

a.btn {
  text-decoration: none;
}

.dropdown-button {
  background: inherit;
  font-family: inherit;
  font-weight: inherit;
  border: 0;
}

.background-button {
  border: 0;
  background: transparent;
}

.social-share-btn {
  border: 1px black solid;
}

.alert .close {
  color: var(--color-danger);
  opacity: var(--recede-opacity);
}

.btn-outline-secondary {
  color: var(--btn-outline-secondary);
  border-color: var(--btn-outline-secondary);
  background-color: transparent;
}

.btn-outline-secondary:hover,
.btn-outline-secondary:focus {
  color: var(--brand-primary);
  background-color: transparent;
  border-color: var(--brand-primary);
}

.btn-outline-secondary:focus {
  box-shadow: 0 0 0 var(--focus-ring-size) rgba(167, 172, 177, 0.25);
}

/* ========================================================================
   Carousel
   ======================================================================== */
.carousel {
  height: var(--carousel-min-height);
  box-shadow: 0 4px 20px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1);
  border-radius: 8px;
  overflow: hidden;
  margin-bottom: 2rem;
}

.carousel-inner {
  height: 100%;
  border-radius: 8px;
}

.carousel-item {
  height: 100%;
}

.carousel-min {
  min-width: 100%;
  height: var(--carousel-min-height);
}

.carousel-min img {
  width: 100%;
  height: 100%;
  object-fit: cover;
}

.carousel-caption {
  left: 0;
  right: 0;
  bottom: 0;
  background: linear-gradient(transparent, rgba(0, 0, 0, var(--recede-opacity)) 20%);
  padding: 2rem;
  text-align: center;
}

.carousel-caption a,
.carousel-caption h2 a {
  color: var(--text-on-dark);
}

.carousel-caption h3 a {
  color: var(--text-on-dark);
  font-size: 1.5rem;
  font-weight: 500;
}

.carousel-caption p {
  color: var(--text-on-dark);
  margin-bottom: 1rem;
}

.carousel-control-next,
.carousel-control-prev {
  top: 40px;
  opacity: var(--recede-opacity);
}

#carousel-buttons {
  margin-left: 100px;
  position: absolute;
  top: 5px;
  right: 5px;
}

/* ========================================================================
   Article Styles
   ======================================================================== */
.article-title {
  font-size: 1.25rem;
  margin-bottom: 0.25rem;
  font-weight: 500;
  line-height: 1.3;
  color: var(--text-header);
}

.article-thumbnail {
  object-fit: cover;
}

.article-img {
  filter: brightness(50%);
}

.article-menu h2 {
  font-size: 1.5rem;
}

.article-authors {
  color: var(--text-muted);
  margin-bottom: 0.5rem;
  font-weight: 400;
}

.article-meta {
  display: flex;
  flex-wrap: wrap;
  gap: 1rem;
  color: var(--text-muted);
  margin-top: 0.5rem;
}

.meta-item {
  display: inline-flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 0.25rem;
}

.article-item {
  padding: 1.25rem 0;
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--border-light);
}

.article-item:last-child {
  border-bottom: none;
  padding-bottom: 0;
}

.article-link {
  color: inherit;
}

.article-link:hover .article-title {
  color: var(--link-hover-color);
  transition: var(--link-transition);
}

.article-table {
  display: block;
  overflow-x: scroll;
  width: 100%;
  margin-bottom: 1rem;
  color: var(--text-primary);
}

.article-table th,
.article-table td {
  padding: 0.75rem;
  vertical-align: top;
  border-top: 1px solid var(--border-medium);
}

.article-table thead th {
  vertical-align: bottom;
  border-bottom: 2px solid var(--border-medium);
}

.article-table tbody + tbody {
  border-top: 2px solid var(--border-medium);
}

.article-table-sm th,
.article-table-sm td {
  padding: 0.3rem;
}

#main_article {
  margin-top: var(--spacing-xl);
}

#main_article img {
  max-width: 100%;
}

#article blockquote {
  background: var(--bg-blockquote);
  border-left: 10px solid var(--brand-primary);
  margin: 1.5em 10px;
  padding: 0.5em 10px;
}

#article iframe {
  max-width: 100%;
  height: auto;
  aspect-ratio: 16/9;
  margin: 1rem 0;
}

#reflist ul {
  padding-left: 0;
}

#reflist li {
  word-wrap: break-word;
  list-style-type: none;
  padding-bottom: var(--spacing-sm);
}

#reading-options{
  display: flex;
  gap: 1rem;
  margin: 0;
  padding: 9px;
  justify-content: flex-end;
  min-height: fit-content;
  box-sizing: border-box;  
  position: sticky;
  top: 0;
  z-index: 1000;
  width: fit-content;
  margin-left: auto;
  background-color: var(--bg-body);
}

.btn-opt {
    border: 1px solid #1C304A;
    background: #f1f1f1;
}

.dyslexia-friendly {
    font-family: Verdana !important;
    color: #4c4c4c;
    background-color: #F5F5DC;
}

.dyslexia-friendly em,
.dyslexia-friendly i {
    background-color: #FAFAC8;
    font-style: normal;
}

.dyslexia-friendly a {
    font-family: inherit;
    color: inherit;
    text-decoration: underline;
}

/* ========================================================================
   Thumbnail Styles
   ======================================================================== */
.thumbnail-container {
  position: relative;
  width: 80px;
  height: 80px;
  flex-shrink: 0;
}

.article-thumbnail {
  width: 100%;
  height: 100%;
  border-radius: 8px;
  object-fit: cover;
  display: block;
}

.article-thumbnail[src*="journal_cover_download"],
.article-thumbnail[src*="article.png"] {
  object-fit: contain;
}

.thumbnail-fallback {
  position: absolute;
  top: 0;
  left: 0;
  width: 100%;
  height: 100%;
  border-radius: 8px;
  background-color: var(--brand-primary);
  color: white;
  display: none;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: center;
  font-weight: 600;
  font-size: 1.2rem;
  text-transform: uppercase;
}

.thumbnail-container.fallback-active .article-thumbnail {
  display: none !important;
}

.thumbnail-container.fallback-active .thumbnail-fallback {
  display: flex !important;
}

/* ========================================================================
   News & Blog
   ======================================================================== */
.news-post {
  margin-bottom: 4rem;
}

.news-post-title {
  margin-bottom: 0.25rem;
  font-size: 2.5rem;
}

.news-post-meta {
  margin-bottom: 1.25rem;
  color: var(--text-muted);
}

/* ========================================================================
   Journal Styles
   ======================================================================== */
.journal-name {
  font-size: 2.5rem;
  margin-bottom: 0.5rem;
  font-weight: 500;
  line-height: 1.2;
}

.journal-card-title {
  margin-bottom: 0;
  font-size: 13px;
}

.journal-div {
  padding-bottom: var(--spacing-md);
}

.journal-button-block {
  margin-top: var(--spacing-xs);
  margin-bottom: var(--spacing-xs);
}

/* ========================================================================
   Issue & Content Sections
   ======================================================================== */
.homepage-element-wrapper:not(:first-child) {
  margin-block: 2rem;
}

.issue-section {
  background: var(--bg-content);
  border-radius: 8px;
  box-shadow: 0 4px 20px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1);
  border: 1px solid rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.06);
  margin-bottom: 2rem;
  padding: 2rem;
}

.section-title {
  margin-bottom: 1.5rem;
  padding-bottom: 0.5rem;
  border-bottom: 2px solid var(--border-light);
  color: var(--text-header);
  font-weight: 600;
}

.additional-issues {
  margin-top: 1rem;
  padding-top: 1rem;
  border-top: 1px solid var(--border-light);
}

.also-part-of {
  font-weight: 400;
  font-size: 0.9rem;
  margin-bottom: 0.25rem;
  color: var(--text-muted);
}

.additional-issue-link {
  display: block;
  margin-bottom: 0.25rem;
  font-size: 0.9rem;
  color: var(--text-muted);
}

.search-results .article-item,
section[aria-label*="Results"] .article-item {
  background: var(--bg-content);
  border-radius: 8px;
  box-shadow: 0 4px 20px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1);
  border: 1px solid rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.06);
  padding: 2rem;
  margin-bottom: 1.5rem;
}

.sticky-top {
  max-height: 100vh;
  overflow-y: auto;
}

/* ========================================================================
   Footer
   ======================================================================== */
.site-footer {
  padding: 2.5rem var(--spacing-md);
  color: var(--text-muted);
  text-align: center;
  background-color: var(--bg-footer);
  border-top: 0.05rem solid var(--border-light);
}

.site-footer a {
  color: var(--text-link-alt);
}

.site-footer p:last-child {
  margin-bottom: 0;
}

footer svg,
footer img,
footer .img-fluid{
  max-height: var(--footer-height);
  max-width: 100%;
}

header svg {
  max-height: var(--header-height);
  max-width: 100%;
}

/* ========================================================================
   Form Elements
   ======================================================================== */
.homepage-element-search-bar input[type="text"] {
  font-size: 1.5rem;
}

.homepage-element-search-bar .input-group-text {
  font-size: 1.5rem;
}

.input-group .form-control,
.input-group .custom-select,
.input-group .input-group-text {
  margin: 0 !important;
  border-radius: 0;
}

.input-group > .custom-select:last-child {
  border-top-right-radius: .25rem;
  border-bottom-right-radius: .25rem;
}

.input-group-prepend > .input-group-text {
  border-top-left-radius: .25rem;
  border-bottom-left-radius: .25rem;
}

.input-group {
  align-items: stretch;
}

.input-group .custom-select,
.input-group .input-group-text {
  height: 2.5rem;
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
}

.input-group{
  display: flex;
  flex-wrap: nowrap;
}

.input-group > input {
  flex: 1;
  min-width: 0;
}

.input-group > input.group-append{
  flex-shrink: 0;
  align-items: center;
  display: flex;
}

.input-group .btn {
  margin: 0;
  height: 100%;
  border-radius: 0 .25rem .25rem 0;
}

.badge-secondary {
  background-color: var(--brand-secondary);
  color: #fff;
}

input + .btn-background {
  height: 2.4375rem;
}

span + .btn-background {
  height: auto;
  min-height: 1.8rem;
}

/* ========================================================================
   Utility Classes
   ======================================================================== */
.flex-auto {
  flex: 0 0 auto;
}

.h-250 {
  height: var(--card-image-height);
}

.border-top {
  border-top: 1px solid var(--border-light);
}

.border-bottom {
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--border-light);
}

.box-shadow {
  box-shadow: 0 0.25rem 0.75rem rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.05);
}

.white-text {
  color: var(--text-on-dark);
}

.white-text a {
  color: var(--text-on-dark);
}

.white-text a:hover,
.white-text a:focus {
  color: var(--text-on-dark);
}

.responsive-img {
  max-width: 100%;
}

.header-image {
  max-height: var(--header-height);
}

.footer-img {
  max-width: 100%;
  height: auto;
}

.draw-attention {
  background-color: var(--highlight-color);
  transition: background-color 2s ease-out;
}

.sticky-toc {
    position: sticky;
    max-height: 100vh;
    overflow-y: auto;
    top: 60px;
    z-index: 999;
}

.table-caption {
  margin-bottom: var(--spacing-sm);
}

.math-formulae {
  overflow-x: auto;
  padding-bottom: 1rem;
}

/* ========================================================================
   Icons
   ======================================================================== */
.fa-check {
  color: var(--color-success);
}

.fa-times {
  color: var(--color-danger);
}

.orcid-img {
  height: var(--icon-size);
  width: var(--icon-size);
  display: inline-block;
}

.icon-recede{
    opacity: var(--recede-opacity);
}

.superscript-icon {
   vertical-align: super;
   font-size: 0.7em !important; 
}

.pad-icon {
    padding-left: 0.4rem;
    padding-right: 0.4rem;
}


/* ========================================================================
   Lists
   ======================================================================== */
.no-bullet-list {
  list-style-type: none;
  padding-left: 0;
  margin-left: 0;
}

.keywords-list {
  list-style: none;
  padding-left: 0;
  margin: 0;
  white-space: normal;
  margin-bottom: 1rem;
}

.keywords-list li {
  display: inline-block;
}

.back-links-list {
  list-style: none;
  padding-left: 0.2rem;
  margin: 0;
  display: inline;
  white-space: normal;
}

.back-links-list li {
  margin: 0;
  padding-left: 0.1rem;
  display: inline;
  white-space: normal;
}

.back-links-list li:not(:last-child)::after {
  content: " ";
}

.section-link {
  white-space: nowrap;
}

.section-link:not(:first-of-type) {
  margin-left: 0.5rem;
}

/* ========================================================================
   Grid Utilities
   ======================================================================== */
.row-eq-height {
  display: flex;
}

.row-smaller-gutters {
  margin-left: -9px;
  margin-right: -9px;
}

.row-smaller-gutters > div[class^="col"] {
  padding-left: 9px;
  padding-right: 9px;
}

/* ========================================================================
   Pagination
   ======================================================================== */
.site-pagination {
  margin-bottom: 4rem;
}

.site-pagination > .btn {
  border-radius: var(--border-radius-lg);
}

.pagination {
  display: flex;
  padding-left: 0;
  list-style: none;
  gap: 4px;
}

.page-item {
  margin: 0;
}

.page-link {
  position: relative;
  display: block;
  padding: 0.5rem 0.75rem;
  color: var(--pagination-color);
  background-color: var(--pagination-bg);
  border: 1px solid var(--pagination-border);
  border-radius: var(--border-radius);
  transition: var(--link-transition);
  cursor: pointer;
  text-decoration: none;
}

.page-link:hover,
.page-link:focus {
  color: var(--pagination-hover-color);
  background-color: var(--pagination-hover-bg);
  border-color: var(--border-medium);
}

.page-link:focus {
  z-index: 2;
  outline: 2px solid var(--focus-outline);
  outline-offset: 2px;
}

.page-item.active .page-link {
  color: var(--pagination-active-color);
  background-color: var(--pagination-active-bg);
  border-color: var(--pagination-active-border);
  font-weight: 600;
}

.page-item.active .page-link:hover {
  background-color: var(--pagination-active-bg);
  border-color: var(--pagination-active-border);
}

.page-link[disabled],
.page-link:disabled {
  color: var(--pagination-disabled-color);
  pointer-events: none;
  background-color: transparent;
  border-color: var(--pagination-border);
  cursor: not-allowed;
  opacity: 0.6;
}

/* ========================================================================
   Contact
   ======================================================================== */
.contact h3 {
  font-size: 1.6rem;
}

.contact h4 {
  font-size: 1.3rem;
}

/* ========================================================================
   Table Footnotes
   ======================================================================== */
.table-foot .table-footnotes li.fn {
  list-style-type: none;
}

/* ========================================================================
   Modal
   ======================================================================== */
.modal-sticky-close {
  position: sticky;
  top: 0.2rem;
  right: 0.2rem;
  z-index: 1050;
  float: right;
  margin-bottom: 0.2rem;
  min-width: 24px;
  min-height: 24px;
}

/* ========================================================================
   Accessibility & Skip Navigation
   ======================================================================== */
.skip-container {
  text-align: left;
}

.skip-container a {
  position: absolute;
  left: -10000px;
  width: 1px;
  height: 1px;
  overflow: hidden;
  color: var(--text-link);
}

.skip-container a:focus,
.skip-container a:active {
  position: static;
  left: 0;
  width: auto;
  height: auto;
  overflow: visible;
}

/* Focus Management */
button, input, select, textarea, [tabindex]:not([tabindex="-1"]),
.dropdown-menu, .dropdown-item, .nav-link, .nav-link a, .btn {
  margin: var(--focus-ring-size);
}

p a, span a, li a {
  margin: calc(-1 * var(--focus-ring-size));
  padding: var(--focus-ring-size);
  box-sizing: border-box;
}

.dropdown-menu a,
.dropdown-menu button,
.dropdown-menu .dropdown-item {
  margin: 0;
}

.article-block a,
.site-header a,
.site-footer a,
.article-item a,
.carousel-caption a,
p a,
li a {
  display: inline-block;
}

.dropdown-item:focus {
  white-space: nowrap;
}

.dropdown-menu {
  padding: var(--focus-ring-size);
}

.form-check:has(input:focus-visible),
.form-check:has(select:focus-visible),
.form-check:has(textarea:focus-visible) {
  outline: 2px var(--focus-outline) solid;
  outline-offset: 0;
  box-shadow: 0 0 0 var(--focus-ring-size) var(--focus-shadow);
  display: block;
  white-space: normal;
}

.form-check input:focus-visible {
  outline: none;
  box-shadow: none;
}

/* Universal Focus Styles - Only show on keyboard navigation */
*:focus-visible {
  outline: 2px var(--focus-outline) solid;
  outline-offset: 0;
  box-shadow: 0 0 0 var(--focus-ring-size) var(--focus-shadow);
}

a:focus-visible {
  outline: 2px var(--focus-outline) solid;
  outline-offset: 0;
  box-shadow: 0 0 0 var(--focus-ring-size) var(--focus-shadow);
  display: inline-block;
  white-space: normal;
}

main a:focus-visible,
.site-footer a:focus-visible,
#lightbox a:focus-visible,
.navbar-custom .nav-link:focus-visible,
.navbar-custom .navbar-brand:focus-visible,
.navbar-dark.navbar-custom .nav-link:focus-visible,
.btn:focus-visible,
.btn-primary:focus-visible,
.btn-secondary:focus-visible,
.btn-success:focus-visible,
.btn-danger:focus-visible,
.btn-warning:focus-visible,
.btn-info:focus-visible,
.btn-light:focus-visible,
.btn-dark:focus-visible,
.site-pagination > .btn:focus-visible,
.pagination button:focus-visible,
input[type="text"]:focus-visible,
input[type="email"]:focus-visible,
input[type="password"]:focus-visible,
input[type="search"]:focus-visible,
input[type="number"]:focus-visible,
input[type="date"]:focus-visible,
input[type="datetime-local"]:focus-visible,
input[type="file"]:focus-visible,
input[type="submit"]:focus-visible,
.form-control.is-valid:focus-visible,
.form-control.is-invalid:focus-visible,
textarea.tinymce:focus-visible,
.custom-select:focus-visible,
.modal-sticky-close:focus-visible {
  outline: 2px var(--focus-outline) solid;
  outline-offset: 0;
  box-shadow: 0 0 0 var(--focus-ring-size) var(--focus-shadow);
}

.carousel-control-next:focus-visible,
.carousel-control-prev:focus-visible{
  outline: 2px var(--focus-outline) solid;
  outline-offset: 0;
  box-shadow: 0 0 0 var(--focus-ring-size) var(--focus-shadow);
  opacity: 1;
}

/* ========================================================================
   Media Queries
   ======================================================================== */
@media (min-width: 768px) {
  .display-4 {
    font-size: 3rem;
  }

  .h-md-250 {
    height: var(--card-image-height);
  }
}

@media screen and (max-width: 990px) {
  .article-title {
    font-size: 1.1em !important;
  }
}

@media screen and (max-width: 764px) {
  .article-title {
    font-size: 0.9em !important;
  }

  p {
    font-size: 0.7em !important;
    margin-bottom: var(--spacing-sm);
  }

  .card-img-overlay {
    padding: 10px;
  }

  .card img {
    min-height: 220px;
    object-fit: cover;
  }

  .journal-name {
    font-size: 1.4rem;
  }
}

@media (min-width: 768px) {
    .row {
        display: flex;
        flex-direction: row;
    }
    .journal-container {
        order: 1;
    }
    .col-lg-4.col-md-2 {
        order: 2;
    }
}

/* ========================================================================
   Issue Cards - Horizontal Layout
   ======================================================================== */
.issues-grid {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fill, minmax(350px, 1fr));
  gap: 1.5rem;
  margin-top: 2rem;
  margin-bottom: 2rem;
}

.issue-card {
  background: var(--bg-content);
  border-radius: 8px;
  box-shadow: 0 4px 20px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1);
  border: 1px solid rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.06);
  overflow: hidden;
  transition: box-shadow 0.3s ease;
}

.issue-card:hover {
  box-shadow: 0 8px 30px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.15);
}

.issue-card-inner {
  display: flex;
  height: 195px;
}

.issue-cover {
  width: 40%;
  overflow: hidden;
}

.issue-cover img,
.issue-cover svg {
  width: 100%;
  height: 100%;
  object-fit: cover;
  transition: transform 0.3s ease;
}

.issue-content {
  width: 60%;
  padding: 1.5rem;
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  justify-content: space-between;
}

.issue-title {
  font-size: 1.1rem;
  font-weight: 600;
  color: var(--text-header);
  margin-bottom: 0.5rem;
  line-height: 1.3;
}

.issue-date {
  color: var(--text-muted);
  font-size: 0.9rem;
  margin-bottom: 0.25rem;
}

.issue-count {
  color: var(--text-muted);
  font-size: 0.9rem;
  margin-bottom: 1rem;
}

.no-issues {
  grid-column: 1 / -1;
}

/* Responsive adjustments */
@media (max-width: 768px) {
  .issues-grid {
    grid-template-columns: 1fr;
    gap: 1rem;
  }

  .issue-card-inner {
    height: 200px;
  }

  .issue-content {
    padding: 1rem;
  }

  .issue-title {
    font-size: 1rem;
  }
}

/* ========================================================================
   Article Share Section
   ======================================================================== */
.share-section {
  background: var(--bg-card-alt);
  border-radius: 8px;
  padding: 1rem;
  margin-bottom: 1.5rem;
}

.share-section h2 {
  margin-bottom: 0.75rem;
  font-size: 1rem;
  font-weight: 600;
}

.share-url-container {
  display: flex;
  gap: 0.5rem;
  margin-bottom: 1rem;
}

.share-url-input {
  flex: 1;
  padding: 0.5rem;
  border: 1px solid var(--border-light);
  border-radius: 4px;
  font-size: 0.9rem;
  background: var(--bg-content);
}

.copy-button {
  padding: 0.5rem 1rem;
  background: var(--brand-primary);
  color: white;
  border: none;
  border-radius: 4px;
  font-size: 0.9rem;
  cursor: pointer;
}

/* ========================================================================
   Article Sidebar Lists
   ======================================================================== */
.article-menu ul {
  padding-left: 20px;
}

.article-menu ul li {
  position: relative;
}

.article-menu ul li a {
  color: var(--text-link);
}

.article-menu ul li a:hover {
  color: var(--brand-primary);
}

/* ========================================================================
   Article Tables
   ======================================================================== */
#main_article table {
  width: 100%;
  margin-bottom: 1rem;
  background-color: transparent;
  border-collapse: collapse;
}

#main_article table th,
#main_article table td {
  padding: 0.75rem;
  vertical-align: top;
  border-top: 1px solid var(--border-light);
}

#main_article table thead th {
  vertical-align: bottom;
  border-bottom: 2px solid var(--border-medium);
  background-color: var(--bg-card-alt);
  font-weight: bold;
  color: var(--text-header);
}

#main_article table tbody tr:hover {
  background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.02);
}

#main_article table tbody + tbody {
  border-top: 2px solid var(--border-medium);
}

/* Responsive table wrapper */
#main_article .table-responsive {
  display: block;
  width: 100%;
  overflow-x: auto;
  -webkit-overflow-scrolling: touch;
}